Numbers

1. ଏକ

   Ek

   One

   Usage

   The most basic number

   Grammar Note

   Odia "eka" shares roots with Sanskrit "eka" (one). The same form as Hindi "ek". This is preserved across all Indo-Aryan languages.

2. ଦୁଇ

   Du-i

   Two

   Usage

   Counting two items

   Grammar Note

   "Dui" derives from Sanskrit "dvi" (two). Identical to Bengali "dui", showing Eastern Indo-Aryan shared development.

3. ତିନି

   Ti-ni

   Three

   Usage

   Counting three items

   Grammar Note

   "Tini" derives from Sanskrit "tri". Differs from Hindi "tin" but close to Bengali "tin". Shows Odia's distinct phonological development.

4. ଚାରି

   Chaa-ri

   Four

   Usage

   Counting four items

   Grammar Note

   "Chaari" derives from Sanskrit "chatur" (four). Cognate with Hindi "chaar" but with an additional "-i" suffix typical of Odia numerals.

5. ପାଞ୍ଚ

   Paanch

   Five

   Usage

   Counting five items

   Grammar Note

   "Paancha" derives from Sanskrit "pancha". Cognate with Hindi "paanch". Both share roots with English "punch" (originally a 5-ingredient drink).

6. ଦଶ

   Da-sha

   Ten

   Usage

   Counting ten

   Grammar Note

   "Dasha" derives from Sanskrit "dasha". Cognate with Hindi "das" and ultimately with English "decade" via Greek "deka".

7. କୋଡ଼ିଏ

   Ko-ri-e

   Twenty

   Usage

   Expressing the number twenty

   Grammar Note

   Odia "korie" (20) differs from Hindi "bis". Hindi "bis" comes from Sanskrit "vimsati", whereas "korie" belongs to a different, "score"-type counting word (ko-ḍi), related to Bengali "kuri". Odia shows distinct Eastern Indo-Aryan numerals.

8. ଶହ

   Sha-ha

   One hundred

   Usage

   Expressing one hundred

   Grammar Note

   "Shaha" derives from Sanskrit "shata" (hundred). Cognate with Hindi "sau" and Latin "centum" (English "cent") — all from the same Indo-European root.

9. ହଜାର

   Ha-zaar

   One thousand

   Usage

   Expressing one thousand

   Grammar Note

   "Hazaar" is borrowed from Persian "hazar". Shared across many South Asian languages including Hindi and Gujarati — reflecting Persian influence.

10. ଅଧା

    A-dhaa

    Half

    Usage

    Expressing half — useful for quantities and price negotiations

    Grammar Note

    "Adhaa" is the Odia word for half, corresponding to Hindi "aadhaa". Both derive from Sanskrit "ardha" (half).

11. ମୋର ବୟସ ସତାଇଶ ବର୍ଷ

    Mo-r bo-yos sa-taa-ish bar-sha

    I'm 27 years old

    Usage

    How to answer when asked your age; the reply to «ଆପଣଙ୍କ ବୟସ କେତେ?» "aapananka boyasa kete?"

    Grammar Note

    A verbless nominal sentence, like «ଆପଣଙ୍କ ବୟସ କେତେ?». "Sataaiśa" is a fused form of "saata" (7) and "koḍie" (20) and cannot be built by juxtaposing tens and units. 28 is "aṭhaaiśi".

12. ଏହି ବର୍ଷ ମୋର ବୟସ ଅଠାଇଶି ହେବ

    E-hi bar-sha mo-r bo-yos a-thaa-i-shi he-ba

    I turn 28 this year

    Usage

    Saying what age you will reach this year

    Grammar Note

    "Heba" is the third-person future of "hebaa" (to become), as in "ଏହାର ଦାମ କେତେ ହେବ?". Note the different endings: 27 is "sataaiśa" and 28 is "aṭhaaiśi".

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